MOGADISHU, Somalia — On Thursday, the self-declared republic of Somaliland formally inaugurated its new president, following an election last month that bolstered the region’s aspirations for international recognition. The ceremony occurred just one day after representatives from Somalia and Ethiopia met in Turkey to initiate “technical talks” surrounding a dispute ignited by a partnership agreement between Somaliland and Ethiopia.
Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi, who previously led the opposition, assumed office as the sixth president of Somaliland during an inauguration held in the capital city, Hargeisa. He succeeds Muse Bihi Abdi, who was in power for seven years. In his inaugural speech, Abdullahi emphasized the necessity to enhance Somaliland’s foreign relations and step up efforts to secure international acknowledgment, asserting that there exists a “valid legal argument” for the region’s claim to sovereignty.
Somaliland declared independence from Somalia over three decades ago; however, it has yet to receive recognition from major international entities such as the African Union or the United Nations, with Somalia still maintaining that Somaliland is a part of its territory. In contrast to Somalia, which grapples with ongoing instability and violence perpetrated by the militant group al-Shabab, Somaliland has been recognized for its stable political climate. Since 1991, Somaliland has run its own government and established its own currency and security apparatus.
In January, Somaliland entered into a memorandum of understanding with Ethiopia, agreeing to lease a portion of its coastline for the establishment of a marine base. In exchange, Ethiopia would recognize Somaliland’s sovereignty—a move that Somalia argues undermines its territorial integrity. This contentious agreement was a significant topic during the recent election, with Abdullahi criticizing it for perceived opacity and vowing to reassess such agreements to ensure they serve Somaliland’s strategic priorities and international objectives.
Winning over 50% of the votes in the presidential election held on November 13, Abdullahi, who belongs to the Waddani Party, defeated incumbent Bihi, marking a pivotal moment in Somaliland’s political landscape. The electoral commission noted an impressive voter turnout and a peaceful electoral process, showcasing the strength of Somaliland’s democratic institutions.
During the inauguration, Richard H. Riley, the U.S. Ambassador to Somalia, extended his congratulations to Somaliland for its election and encouraged cooperation with the new government. He remarked, “The people of Somaliland have set an example of democracy not only for this region but for Africa and the world. We are proud to be your friends and partners for the future.”
Abdullahi’s administration now faces the complex task of addressing internal challenges, including ongoing conflict in the Sool region, while simultaneously advocating for Somaliland’s recognition on the international stage and reassessing its agreements with regional players like Ethiopia.
