The U.S. is facing its worst measles crisis in years. Texas has now recorded more than 500 measles cases, leading the nation in a multi-state outbreak that’s raising alarms among public health officials.
Texas Becomes the Epicenter
On Tuesday, Texas health officials confirmed 505 measles cases across 21 counties. The outbreak began in late January and has intensified quickly. Gaines County, with just over 22,000 residents, has logged 328 cases alone. Two unvaccinated children, aged six and eight, have died.
Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. visited the affected area on Sunday, emphasizing the urgency of containing the virus.
Other States Report Rising Numbers
New Mexico now has 56 confirmed cases, including one adult who died. Genetic testing has linked these cases directly to the Texas outbreak. Kansas follows with 24 cases spread across six counties. Oklahoma has reported eight confirmed and two probable cases. In Ohio, 11 cases have emerged, with additional infections among international visitors not included in official counts.
Measles Outbreak: The National Picture
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirms 607 measles cases so far in 2025. That’s already more than double the total from all of 2024. Active outbreaks have been recorded in New Mexico, Kansas, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Texas. Smaller case numbers have appeared in 17 other states.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has linked cases in Mexico directly to the outbreak in Texas, suggesting the virus is crossing borders.
Why This Is Happening
Health officials blame the surge on falling vaccination rates. Undervaccinated communities, such as the Mennonite population in Gaines County, are particularly vulnerable. The virus spreads through airborne particles when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes. Measles is one of the most contagious diseases known to man.
Although considered eliminated in the U.S. since 2000, recent years have seen periodic outbreaks. This latest wave could last a year or longer.
Who Needs a Booster?
The CDC recommends the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella) for all children, with doses at 12-15 months and again at 4-6 years. Adults exposed to outbreaks or with weakened immune systems may also consider a booster.
Those born before 1957 likely have natural immunity. Others should check with their doctor, who can order an MMR titer test to confirm antibody levels. A booster dose is safe and can be given if immunity is uncertain.
Symptoms and Risks
Measles usually begins with high fever, runny nose, cough, and watery eyes. A rash appears three to five days later, starting on the face and spreading downward. Fevers may spike above 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Severe complications include pneumonia, brain swelling, blindness, and death.
No Cure, Only Support
There is no specific treatment for measles. Doctors aim to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Hospitalization may be necessary for serious cases.
The Role of Vaccination
Communities need a 95% vaccination rate to achieve herd immunity. However, since the pandemic, childhood vaccination rates have dropped. More parents are opting out of vaccines using religious or personal waivers.
As outbreaks spread and vaccination rates decline, public health experts warn that more communities could face serious outbreaks. Without swift action, the U.S. risks losing its measles-free status once again.
